This chart provides a detailed overview of the phonemes used in Filipino (Philippines) – fil-PH, showing side-by-side representations in IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) and X-SAMPA notation. For each phoneme, the chart includes the symbol, an example word, and its full phonetic transcription in both formats.
The phoneme inventory includes native sounds found in Tagalog as well as borrowed elements commonly used in Filipino. Glottal stops, nasal sounds, and diphthongs are all represented. This reference is useful for learners, linguists, language technologists, and educators working with Filipino pronunciation. A guide to stress symbols and syllable boundaries is also included for accurate phonetic transcription.
Filipino (Philippines) – fil-PH
| X-SAMPA | IPA | Example Word | X-SAMPA Transcription | IPA Transcription |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p | p | pito | "pitU | ˈpitʊ |
| b | b | buto | "bUtU | ˈbʊtʊ |
| t | t | tiyan | ti"jan | tiˈjan |
| d | d | adya | ?ad"ja? | ʔadˈjaʔ |
| k | k | kapit | "kapit | ˈkapit |
| g | g | gata | ga"ta? | gaˈtaʔ |
| ? | ʔ | ilaw | "?ilau | ˈʔilau |
| m | m | mata | ma"ta | maˈta |
| n | n | niya | ni"ja | niˈja |
| J | ɲ | kolonya | ko"loJa | koˈloɲa |
| N | ŋ | ngipin | "Nipin | ˈŋipin |
| s | s | siyam | si"jam | siˈjam |
| S | ʃ | konsensya | kon"sEnSa | konˈsɛnʃa |
| h | h | haba | "haba? | ˈhabaʔ |
| tS | ʧ | tsaka | tSa"ka | tʃaˈka |
| dZ | dʒ | Diego | "dZEgo | ˈdʒɛgo |
| 4 | ɾ | rurok | "4U4Uk | ˈɾʊɾʊk |
| l | l | lamay | "lamai | ˈlamai |
| j | j | yanig | "janig | ˈjanig |
| w | w | wala | wa"la? | waˈlaʔ |
| a | a | aso | "?asU | ˈʔasʊ |
| E | e | ewan | "?Ewan | ˈʔɛwan |
| i | i | iwan | "?iwan | ˈʔiwan |
| o | o | oyayi | ?o"jaji | ʔoˈjaji |
| U | u | upuan | ?UpU"?an | ʔʊpʊˈʔan |
| ai | ai | bahay | "bahai | ˈbahai |
| ui | ui | abuloy | ?a"bUlui | ʔaˈbʊlui |
| au | au | galaw | ga"lau | gaˈlau |
| iu | iu | baliw | ba"liu | baˈliu |
Stress Symbols
| Function | IPA | X-SAMPA |
|---|---|---|
| Primary stress | ˈ | " |
| Syllable boundary | . | . |